Dislocations as a boundary between charge density wave and oxygen rich phases in a cuprate high temperature superconductor

Multiple functional ionic and electronic orders are observed in high temperature superconducting cuprates. The static charge density wave order is one of them and it is spatially localized in different spatial regions of the material. It is also known that the oxygen interstitials introduced by chemical intercalation self-organize in oxygen rich space in the spacers and hole rich space in the CuO2 layers left empty by the charge density wave order. However, what happens in between these two order is not know, and neither there is a method to control this spatial separation. Here we demonstrate by using scanning nano X-ray diffraction, that dislocations in the material can act as boundary between charge density wave and oxygen rich phases in a optimally doped La2CuO4+y high temperature superconductor. Dislocations can be used therefore to control the anti-correlation of the charge density wave order with the oxygen interstitials in specific portion of the material.